Brain tumors are masses that occur as a result of abnormal cell growth and proliferation in or around the brain. These tumors can be benign or malignant. Benign tumors usually tend to grow limitedly and do not spread to surrounding tissues. Malignant tumors can spread to surrounding tissues, grow aggressively, or metastasize to other parts of the nervous system.

Brain tumors can disrupt the normal functioning of the brain and cause symptoms. These symptoms can vary depending on the size and location of the tumor and the brain functions it affects. Symptoms such as headache, nausea, vomiting, balance disorders, vision or hearing problems, behavioral changes, memory loss, muscle weakness can be seen.

Treatment of brain tumors is determined by factors such as the type, size, location of the tumor, and the general health of the patient. Treatment can usually include a combination of one or more methods:

1. Surgery: It is an operation performed to remove the tumor. Surgical treatment may vary depending on the location, size and spread of the tumor to the surrounding tissues. The aim of the surgery is to remove the tumor as completely as possible and preserve healthy brain tissue.
   Radiotherapy: It is a treatment method that aims to kill cancer cells by using high-energy rays. Radiotherapy of brain tumors can be administered as external radiotherapy or brachytherapy with internal radioactive sources, depending on the location and type of tumor.
   Chemotherapy: It involves the use of drugs to kill cancer cells or slow their growth. Chemotherapy of brain tumors can sometimes be used in combination with or instead of surgery or radiotherapy.
   Targeted Therapy: Specifically designed drugs or molecular targeted therapies can be used for some types of tumors. While these treatments target the growth and proliferation of cancer cells, they have the potential to cause less damage to healthy cells.
   Immunotherapy: It is a type of treatment used to stimulate the body’s immune system to fight cancer cells. Immunotherapy is also being researched in the treatment of certain brain tumors.
   Because every patient and tumor situation is different, the best treatment plan should be determined for the patient’s situation. The treatment approach is evaluated and managed by a multidisciplinary healthcare team. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment is an important factor in the management of brain tumors.